野玫瑰峡谷,加利福尼亚州,1998年

中文注释：

　　图中这些废弃的炭窑位于死谷国家纪念区的野玫瑰峡谷(Wildrose Canyon)中。这些25英尺(7.6米)高的蜂窝状炭窑于1877年由莫道克附属矿业公司所建，主要为附近的银铅冶炼厂提供所需的木炭。由于矿石质量下降，银矿被迫关闭，因此这些熔炉投入使用仅一年左右时间。

　　根据国家公园管理局的说法，这些还能闻出烟味的炭窑最多可容纳42考得(152立方米)的松树原木，每周可生产2000蒲式耳(72740立方米)的木炭。鉴于这些炭窑短暂的使用时间和建造质量，它们被认为是美国西部同类炭窑中保存最好的样本之一。
野玫瑰峡谷   峡谷   加利福尼亚州  

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英文注释：

Wildrose Canyon, California, 1998

Abandoned charcoal kilns sit in Wildrose Canyon in Death Valley National Monument. The 25-feet-tall (7.6-meter-tall) beehive-shaped kilns were built in 1877 by the Modock Consolidated Mining Company to produce charcoal for a nearby silver-lead smelting plant. The furnaces were closed after only about a year when deteriorating ore quality forced the silver mines to shut down.

According to the National Park Service, the kilns, which still smell of smoke, held up to 42 cords of pinyon pine logs and could produce 2,000 bushels of charcoal per week. Due to their short usage time and quality construction, they are considered among the best surviving examples of such kilns in the western United States.

(Text adapted from and photo shot on assignment for, but not published in, "Dual Track in a Dry Place," September/October 1998, National Geographic Traveler magazine)

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